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Encyclopedia of Technological Hazards and Disasters in the Social Sciences
The Encyclopedia of Technological Hazards and Disasters in the Social Sciences brings together an array of global experts to investigate, explore and analyse human-caused disaster events. Providing insights into both the origins and aftermaths of disaster events, it offers advanced understanding of a broad range of disaster events facing society during the Anthropocene.
More Information
Critical Acclaim
Contents
More Information
The Encyclopedia of Technological Hazards and Disasters in the Social Sciences brings together an array of global experts to investigate, explore and analyse human-caused disaster events. Providing insights into both the origins and aftermaths of disaster events, it offers advanced understanding of a broad range of disaster events facing society during the Anthropocene.
Entries cover both well and lesser-known nuclear accidents, oil spills and industrial incidents such as the Three Mile Island accident, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, BP Deepwater Horizon spill and the Bhopal accident. The contributors present concepts and theories that elucidate why these disastrous events happen, the effects they have on communities, and how we can better prevent them. Entries also examine the current state of the art in hazards and disaster research, providing suggestions for future research topics and issues to explore. The Encyclopedia interrogates the social, historical, economic, cultural, and political forces that culminate in disaster, offering a unique multidisciplinary approach which will further advance the field of hazards and disaster research.
This comprehensive Encyclopedia is a vital resource for students and scholars of environmental sociology, geography, regulation and governance, and science and technology studies. It will also appeal to legal practitioners and policy makers involved in the prevention and investigation of technological disasters.
Key Features:
• Over 110 wide-ranging entries, organised alphabetically for accessibility and ease of navigation.
• Reviews methodological and ethical approaches affecting research in this fast-developing area.
• Includes key relevant references for further reading, supporting conceptual, theoretical, and analytical arguments.
• Presents decades of social science research on relevant theories, concepts, and human-caused hazard and disaster events.
Entries cover both well and lesser-known nuclear accidents, oil spills and industrial incidents such as the Three Mile Island accident, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, BP Deepwater Horizon spill and the Bhopal accident. The contributors present concepts and theories that elucidate why these disastrous events happen, the effects they have on communities, and how we can better prevent them. Entries also examine the current state of the art in hazards and disaster research, providing suggestions for future research topics and issues to explore. The Encyclopedia interrogates the social, historical, economic, cultural, and political forces that culminate in disaster, offering a unique multidisciplinary approach which will further advance the field of hazards and disaster research.
This comprehensive Encyclopedia is a vital resource for students and scholars of environmental sociology, geography, regulation and governance, and science and technology studies. It will also appeal to legal practitioners and policy makers involved in the prevention and investigation of technological disasters.
Key Features:
• Over 110 wide-ranging entries, organised alphabetically for accessibility and ease of navigation.
• Reviews methodological and ethical approaches affecting research in this fast-developing area.
• Includes key relevant references for further reading, supporting conceptual, theoretical, and analytical arguments.
• Presents decades of social science research on relevant theories, concepts, and human-caused hazard and disaster events.
Critical Acclaim
‘Through brief but substantive essays, this remarkable collection of authors reveals the intersection between technologies, economic incentives, and social constraints that generate social risk in novel and unanticipated ways. Building on Ulrich Beck’s seminal insights regarding the impact of technologies on working social and economic practices, the essays, collectively, produce a deeper, more nuanced understanding of the ‘risk society.’’
– Louise K. Comfort, University of Pittsburgh, USA
‘This far-reaching Encyclopedia consists of entries on topics that are central to social science research on technological hazards and disasters. Contributing authors include many of the world’s leading hazards and disasters scholars. What an enormous contribution! It will be of great use for students, researchers, civil society groups, and policymakers.’
– Andrew Jorgenson, The University of British Columbia, Canada
‘This is an impressive collection of authoritative pieces encompassing well known (even notorious) and lesser-known technological hazards and disasters. Despite the technological label, the editors and authors confront the problematic taxonomic issue of setting boundaries for natural disasters which are never natural and technological disasters which may have natural triggers or consequences. The case studies provide a rich evidence base of concepts, theories, empirical studies and critical analyses that should be the first destination for those new to the field, and also an exemplary reference guide for the more experienced. But it is in the comprehensiveness of this collection that the Encyclopedia scores most strongly as there is nothing currently available with the breadth of its coverage. Despite decades of work in disaster research, I found much that was new and insightful from these entries.’
– Maureen Fordham, University College London, UK
‘Hazards and disasters are the flipside of technological systems’ ability to funnel natural forces into social processes, with increasingly complex and far reaching implications. This is a much needed, impressively comprehensive and compelling guide to navigating concepts, theories and events.’
– Luigi Pellizzoni, Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy
– Louise K. Comfort, University of Pittsburgh, USA
‘This far-reaching Encyclopedia consists of entries on topics that are central to social science research on technological hazards and disasters. Contributing authors include many of the world’s leading hazards and disasters scholars. What an enormous contribution! It will be of great use for students, researchers, civil society groups, and policymakers.’
– Andrew Jorgenson, The University of British Columbia, Canada
‘This is an impressive collection of authoritative pieces encompassing well known (even notorious) and lesser-known technological hazards and disasters. Despite the technological label, the editors and authors confront the problematic taxonomic issue of setting boundaries for natural disasters which are never natural and technological disasters which may have natural triggers or consequences. The case studies provide a rich evidence base of concepts, theories, empirical studies and critical analyses that should be the first destination for those new to the field, and also an exemplary reference guide for the more experienced. But it is in the comprehensiveness of this collection that the Encyclopedia scores most strongly as there is nothing currently available with the breadth of its coverage. Despite decades of work in disaster research, I found much that was new and insightful from these entries.’
– Maureen Fordham, University College London, UK
‘Hazards and disasters are the flipside of technological systems’ ability to funnel natural forces into social processes, with increasingly complex and far reaching implications. This is a much needed, impressively comprehensive and compelling guide to navigating concepts, theories and events.’
– Luigi Pellizzoni, Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy
Contents
Contents
Foreword xiv
Introduction to Encyclopedia
of Technological Hazards
and Disasters in the Social
Sciences 1
Duane A. Gill
1 Aberfan coal slag disaster
(Wales, UK) 4
Iain McLean
2 Alberta oil sands (Canada) 8
Sydney M. Dyck
3 Alexander L Kielland oil
rig disaster (Norway) 14
Are Holen
4 Amoco Cadiz oil spill (France) 22
Tanjum Tushi and Mohammad
Mahbubur Rahman
5 Anthropocene 27
Susan L. Cutter
6 Anthropogenic climate change 34
Kandice L. Grossman
7 Baseline Resilience
Indicators for Communities
(BRIC): theory to practice 41
Susan L. Cutter
8 Bhopal disaster (India) 46
Nikhil Deb
9 BP Deepwater Horizon oil
spill (USA) 53
Michael R. Cope and Tim Slack
10 Braer oil spill in the
Shetland Islands (UK) 60
Shahana Akter and Mohammad
Mahbubur Rahman
11 Buffalo Creek, WV: dam
collapse and flood (USA) 64
Duane A. Gill
12 Buffalo Creek: reflections 72
Kai T. Erikson
13 Buffalo Creek: impacts of
Everything in Its Path 77
Steve Kroll-Smith
14 Camp Fire wildfire,
California (USA) 83
Mitchell Snyder
15 Cancer Alley, Louisiana (USA) 88
Martha Sibley
16 Cascading risk 93
Gianluca Pescaroli and David
E. Alexander
17 Centralia, PA mine fire
disaster (USA) 97
Steve Kroll-Smith and Stephen
R. Couch
18 Challenger space shuttle
disaster (USA) 104
Ryan Hagen
19 Chemical Valley and the
Aamjiwnaang First Nation
(Canada) 109
Laurence Butet-Roch, Sarah
Marie Wiebe, and Ada Lockridge
20 Chernobyl nuclear disaster (USSR) 117
Michael R. Edelstein
21 Children and technological
disasters 128
Brandi Gilbert-Johnson and
Avelyn R. Heltzel
22 Chronic technical disaster 135
Stephen R. Couch and Steve
Kroll-Smith
23 Community capitals and
technological hazards and disasters 143
Liesel A. Ritchie and Adam M. Straub
24 Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operations 152
Adam Driscoll and Bob Edwards
25 Conservation of resources theory 159
Liesel A. Ritchie and Duane A. Gill
26 Contaminated communities 166
Michael R. Edelstein
27 Corrosive community 173
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
28 Dam failures with floods as
techna disasters 180
Duane A. Gill
29 Darvaza gas crater (Turkmenistan) 188
Duane A. Gill
30 Disaster origins: how
perceptions shape public
understanding and action 191
Ksenia Chmutina and Jason von
Meding
31 Ecological modernization 196
Md Saidul Islam
32 Ecological-symbolic theory 203
Steve Kroll‑Smith and Stephen
R. Couch
33 Economic impact assessment 209
Janet Li
34 Electronic waste in Guiyu, China 215
Juan Du
35 Emergency management
cycle and technological hazards 219
Jason D. Rivera
36 Enbridge Pipeline disaster (USA) 224
David T. Wesley
37 Enschede fireworks factory
disaster (Netherlands) 228
Malte Schönefeld
38 Environmental illness 233
Maggie Leόn-Corwin
39 Environmental justice 237
Stephanie A. Malin
40 Etiology 247
Liesel A. Ritchie and Duane A. Gill
41 Existential risk 254
Luke Kemp
42 Exxon Valdez oil spill (USA) 259
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
43 Flint, Michigan water crisis (USA) 271
Benjamin J. Pauli
44 Fundão dam collapse in
Mariana, Minas Gerais (Brazil) 277
Bernardo Campolina, Anderson
T. Cavalcante, Mônica Viegas
Andrade, and Kenya V. Noronha
45 Gold King Mine spill (USA) 286
Rebecca J. Clausen, Teresa
Montoya, Janene Yazzie, and
Karletta Chief
46 Grassy Narrows mercury
poisoning (Canada) 291
Erin Boyle
47 Green criminology 295
Michael A. Long, Paul B.
Stretesky, and Michael J. Lynch
48 Grief and technological disasters 302
Jason S. Ulsperger and J.
David Knottnerus
49 Groningen gas field (Netherlands) 307
Elisabeth N. Moolenaar
50 Guadalupe Dunes oil spill,
CA (USA) 314
Thomas D. Beamish
51 Halifax Harbor explosion
of 1917 (Canada) 320
Ben Roston
52 Hazards and disaster
research methods: an
overview and assessment 323
Kathleen Tierney
53 Hebei Spirit oil spill (Korea) 332
So-Min Cheong
54 Hertfordshire Oil Storage
Terminal fire (UK) 336
Ayse Yildiz, Yung-Fang Chen,
and Phil Crook
55 Hurricane Harvey as
a natech disaster (USA) 340
Sara E. Grineski, Aaron B.
Flores, and Timothy W. Collins
56 Hurricane Katrina as an
anthropogenic event (USA) 346
DeMond S. Miller and Derron
G. Cooney
57 Hydraulic fracturing in the UK 357
Paul B. Stretesky and Damien Short
58 Hydraulic fracturing in the USA 366
Anthony E. Ladd
59 Impact of event scale 374
Duane A. Gill
60 Incineration 380
Jeremy A. Ross
61 Induced seismicity in the
social sciences 384
Yueqi Li, Alex Greer, and
Hao-Che Wu
62 Ixtoc I oil spill (Mexico) 390
Kamrul Hassan Suman and
Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
63 Lac-Mégantic rail disaster
(Canada) 394
Bruce Campbell
64 LC 373-4 Titan missile
disaster (USA) 400
Jason S. Ulsperger and Kristen
Ulsperger
65 Legler, NJ: a contaminated
community (USA) 403
Michael R. Edelstein
66 Litigation and
compensation psychosocial
outcomes 406
Liesel A. Ritchie
67 Livingston, Louisiana train
derailment (USA) 410
Duane A. Gill
68 Love Canal: a toxic history 414
Richard Newman
69 Mining hazards in Romania 421
Logan Gerber-Chavez
70 Mississauga train
derailment (Canada) 426
Sydney M. Dyck
71 M/V Selendang Ayu
shipwreck and oil spill (USA) 432
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
72 M/V Wakashio shipwreck
and oil spill (Mauritius) 438
Satyaveer Sharma Gookool and
Gaya Gookool Padmini
73 Natech hazards and disasters 444
Ana Maria Cruz and Elisabeth
Krausmann
74 Niger Delta Region oil
spills (Nigeria) 452
Alphonsus O. Isidiho,
Mohammad Shatar Sabran, and
Nik Ahmad Sufian Burhan
75 Normal Accidents:
the inevitability of
technological catastrophe? 460
Kenneth Pettersen Gould
76 Oil spill accidents in China 467
Juan Du
77 Ontological security and
technological hazards and disasters 472
Adam M. Straub and Liesel A. Ritchie
78 PFAS (per- and
polyfluoroalkyl substances) 479
Daniel Renfrew and Thomas W.
Pearson
79 Picher, OK: a contaminated
community (USA) 484
Sarah Hileman
80 Piper Alpha oil platform
disaster (UK) 490
Alastair M. Hull
81 Port of Tianjin explosions (China) 499
Wee-Kiat Lim
82 Prestige oil spill (Spain) 505
Logan Gerber-Chavez
83 Primary responsible party 512
Liesel A. Ritchie, Erin Boyle,
and Victoria Thompson
84 Psychosocial stress and
impact assessment: a PFAS
case study from Australia 518
Iain McLean
85 Rana Plaza collapse—
Bangladesh: a social
science perspective 524
S. M. Asger Ali and Amena
Begum Ruma
86 Recreancy in technological
hazards and disasters 528
Liesel A. Ritchie
87 Red Hill fuel storage,
Honolulu, Hawai’i (USA) 534
Michael R. Edelstein
88 Renewable resource community 541
Duane A. Gill
89 Resilience 546
Sahar Derakhshan
90 Risk society 552
Ole Andreas H. Engen and
Claudia Morsut
91 Risk transfer in
sociotechnical systems 559
Magdalena Gil
92 Secondary trauma 566
Iain McLean
93 Seveso dioxin disaster (Italy) 569
Sara Belligoni
94 Sidoarjo mud volcano (Indonesia) 573
Erin P. O’Connell
95 Social capital and
technological hazards and disasters 579
Liesel A. Ritchie, Makenna K.
Clark, Adam M. Straub, and
Erin Boyle
96 Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) 588
Sanam K. Aksha and
Christopher T. Emrich
97 Social vulnerability to
technological hazards 594
Sanam K. Aksha and
Christopher T. Emrich
98 Societal collapse 601
Luke Kemp
99 Structural ritualization theory 607
Kevin Johnson, J. David
Knottnerus, and Duane A. Gill
100 Superfund: the
Comprehensive
Environmental Response,
Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA) 612
Sarah Hileman
101 Superstorm Sandy (USA) 617
Nicole Zdrojewski
102 Techna hazards and disasters 627
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
103 Temporality, capitalism,
and climate change 630
Raja Swamy
104 Tennessee Valley
Authority Kingston Fossil
Plant coal ash spill (USA) 641
Liesel A. Ritchie and Kathryn
Hamilton
105 Theory and research on the
social production of disasters 645
Kathleen Tierney
106 Theory of environmental
stigma: outsiders’ just
don’t understand 657
Michael R. Edelstein
107 Theory of environmental
turbulence and
psychosocial impact:
lifescape, lifestyle, and lifestrain 663
Michael R. Edelstein
108 Three Mile Island nuclear
accident (USA) 671
Maggie Leόn-Corwin
109 Times Beach, Missouri:
dioxin contamination (USA) 680
Erin Boyle, Kathryn Hamilton,
and Victoria Thompson
110 Tōhoku earthquake,
tsunami, and Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear disaster (Japan) 684
Julia Gerster
111 Torrey Canyon shipwreck
and oil spill (UK,
Guernsey, and France) 690
Matthew Van
112 Toxic images 696
Laurence Butet-Roch
113 Usinsk oil spill (Russia) 701
Maria Sakaeva
114 Vajont Dam disaster (Italy) 708
Sara Belligoni
115 Val di Stava dam disaster (Italy) 711
Sara Belligoni
116 Winter Storm Uri and the
Texas energy failure (USA) 714
Kathryn Hamilton
117 Worst cases 718
Adam M. Straub
118 Xe Pian Xe Namnoy dam:
catastrophic and slow
violence in southern Laos 724
Ian G. Baird
Foreword xiv
Introduction to Encyclopedia
of Technological Hazards
and Disasters in the Social
Sciences 1
Duane A. Gill
1 Aberfan coal slag disaster
(Wales, UK) 4
Iain McLean
2 Alberta oil sands (Canada) 8
Sydney M. Dyck
3 Alexander L Kielland oil
rig disaster (Norway) 14
Are Holen
4 Amoco Cadiz oil spill (France) 22
Tanjum Tushi and Mohammad
Mahbubur Rahman
5 Anthropocene 27
Susan L. Cutter
6 Anthropogenic climate change 34
Kandice L. Grossman
7 Baseline Resilience
Indicators for Communities
(BRIC): theory to practice 41
Susan L. Cutter
8 Bhopal disaster (India) 46
Nikhil Deb
9 BP Deepwater Horizon oil
spill (USA) 53
Michael R. Cope and Tim Slack
10 Braer oil spill in the
Shetland Islands (UK) 60
Shahana Akter and Mohammad
Mahbubur Rahman
11 Buffalo Creek, WV: dam
collapse and flood (USA) 64
Duane A. Gill
12 Buffalo Creek: reflections 72
Kai T. Erikson
13 Buffalo Creek: impacts of
Everything in Its Path 77
Steve Kroll-Smith
14 Camp Fire wildfire,
California (USA) 83
Mitchell Snyder
15 Cancer Alley, Louisiana (USA) 88
Martha Sibley
16 Cascading risk 93
Gianluca Pescaroli and David
E. Alexander
17 Centralia, PA mine fire
disaster (USA) 97
Steve Kroll-Smith and Stephen
R. Couch
18 Challenger space shuttle
disaster (USA) 104
Ryan Hagen
19 Chemical Valley and the
Aamjiwnaang First Nation
(Canada) 109
Laurence Butet-Roch, Sarah
Marie Wiebe, and Ada Lockridge
20 Chernobyl nuclear disaster (USSR) 117
Michael R. Edelstein
21 Children and technological
disasters 128
Brandi Gilbert-Johnson and
Avelyn R. Heltzel
22 Chronic technical disaster 135
Stephen R. Couch and Steve
Kroll-Smith
23 Community capitals and
technological hazards and disasters 143
Liesel A. Ritchie and Adam M. Straub
24 Concentrated Animal
Feeding Operations 152
Adam Driscoll and Bob Edwards
25 Conservation of resources theory 159
Liesel A. Ritchie and Duane A. Gill
26 Contaminated communities 166
Michael R. Edelstein
27 Corrosive community 173
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
28 Dam failures with floods as
techna disasters 180
Duane A. Gill
29 Darvaza gas crater (Turkmenistan) 188
Duane A. Gill
30 Disaster origins: how
perceptions shape public
understanding and action 191
Ksenia Chmutina and Jason von
Meding
31 Ecological modernization 196
Md Saidul Islam
32 Ecological-symbolic theory 203
Steve Kroll‑Smith and Stephen
R. Couch
33 Economic impact assessment 209
Janet Li
34 Electronic waste in Guiyu, China 215
Juan Du
35 Emergency management
cycle and technological hazards 219
Jason D. Rivera
36 Enbridge Pipeline disaster (USA) 224
David T. Wesley
37 Enschede fireworks factory
disaster (Netherlands) 228
Malte Schönefeld
38 Environmental illness 233
Maggie Leόn-Corwin
39 Environmental justice 237
Stephanie A. Malin
40 Etiology 247
Liesel A. Ritchie and Duane A. Gill
41 Existential risk 254
Luke Kemp
42 Exxon Valdez oil spill (USA) 259
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
43 Flint, Michigan water crisis (USA) 271
Benjamin J. Pauli
44 Fundão dam collapse in
Mariana, Minas Gerais (Brazil) 277
Bernardo Campolina, Anderson
T. Cavalcante, Mônica Viegas
Andrade, and Kenya V. Noronha
45 Gold King Mine spill (USA) 286
Rebecca J. Clausen, Teresa
Montoya, Janene Yazzie, and
Karletta Chief
46 Grassy Narrows mercury
poisoning (Canada) 291
Erin Boyle
47 Green criminology 295
Michael A. Long, Paul B.
Stretesky, and Michael J. Lynch
48 Grief and technological disasters 302
Jason S. Ulsperger and J.
David Knottnerus
49 Groningen gas field (Netherlands) 307
Elisabeth N. Moolenaar
50 Guadalupe Dunes oil spill,
CA (USA) 314
Thomas D. Beamish
51 Halifax Harbor explosion
of 1917 (Canada) 320
Ben Roston
52 Hazards and disaster
research methods: an
overview and assessment 323
Kathleen Tierney
53 Hebei Spirit oil spill (Korea) 332
So-Min Cheong
54 Hertfordshire Oil Storage
Terminal fire (UK) 336
Ayse Yildiz, Yung-Fang Chen,
and Phil Crook
55 Hurricane Harvey as
a natech disaster (USA) 340
Sara E. Grineski, Aaron B.
Flores, and Timothy W. Collins
56 Hurricane Katrina as an
anthropogenic event (USA) 346
DeMond S. Miller and Derron
G. Cooney
57 Hydraulic fracturing in the UK 357
Paul B. Stretesky and Damien Short
58 Hydraulic fracturing in the USA 366
Anthony E. Ladd
59 Impact of event scale 374
Duane A. Gill
60 Incineration 380
Jeremy A. Ross
61 Induced seismicity in the
social sciences 384
Yueqi Li, Alex Greer, and
Hao-Che Wu
62 Ixtoc I oil spill (Mexico) 390
Kamrul Hassan Suman and
Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
63 Lac-Mégantic rail disaster
(Canada) 394
Bruce Campbell
64 LC 373-4 Titan missile
disaster (USA) 400
Jason S. Ulsperger and Kristen
Ulsperger
65 Legler, NJ: a contaminated
community (USA) 403
Michael R. Edelstein
66 Litigation and
compensation psychosocial
outcomes 406
Liesel A. Ritchie
67 Livingston, Louisiana train
derailment (USA) 410
Duane A. Gill
68 Love Canal: a toxic history 414
Richard Newman
69 Mining hazards in Romania 421
Logan Gerber-Chavez
70 Mississauga train
derailment (Canada) 426
Sydney M. Dyck
71 M/V Selendang Ayu
shipwreck and oil spill (USA) 432
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
72 M/V Wakashio shipwreck
and oil spill (Mauritius) 438
Satyaveer Sharma Gookool and
Gaya Gookool Padmini
73 Natech hazards and disasters 444
Ana Maria Cruz and Elisabeth
Krausmann
74 Niger Delta Region oil
spills (Nigeria) 452
Alphonsus O. Isidiho,
Mohammad Shatar Sabran, and
Nik Ahmad Sufian Burhan
75 Normal Accidents:
the inevitability of
technological catastrophe? 460
Kenneth Pettersen Gould
76 Oil spill accidents in China 467
Juan Du
77 Ontological security and
technological hazards and disasters 472
Adam M. Straub and Liesel A. Ritchie
78 PFAS (per- and
polyfluoroalkyl substances) 479
Daniel Renfrew and Thomas W.
Pearson
79 Picher, OK: a contaminated
community (USA) 484
Sarah Hileman
80 Piper Alpha oil platform
disaster (UK) 490
Alastair M. Hull
81 Port of Tianjin explosions (China) 499
Wee-Kiat Lim
82 Prestige oil spill (Spain) 505
Logan Gerber-Chavez
83 Primary responsible party 512
Liesel A. Ritchie, Erin Boyle,
and Victoria Thompson
84 Psychosocial stress and
impact assessment: a PFAS
case study from Australia 518
Iain McLean
85 Rana Plaza collapse—
Bangladesh: a social
science perspective 524
S. M. Asger Ali and Amena
Begum Ruma
86 Recreancy in technological
hazards and disasters 528
Liesel A. Ritchie
87 Red Hill fuel storage,
Honolulu, Hawai’i (USA) 534
Michael R. Edelstein
88 Renewable resource community 541
Duane A. Gill
89 Resilience 546
Sahar Derakhshan
90 Risk society 552
Ole Andreas H. Engen and
Claudia Morsut
91 Risk transfer in
sociotechnical systems 559
Magdalena Gil
92 Secondary trauma 566
Iain McLean
93 Seveso dioxin disaster (Italy) 569
Sara Belligoni
94 Sidoarjo mud volcano (Indonesia) 573
Erin P. O’Connell
95 Social capital and
technological hazards and disasters 579
Liesel A. Ritchie, Makenna K.
Clark, Adam M. Straub, and
Erin Boyle
96 Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) 588
Sanam K. Aksha and
Christopher T. Emrich
97 Social vulnerability to
technological hazards 594
Sanam K. Aksha and
Christopher T. Emrich
98 Societal collapse 601
Luke Kemp
99 Structural ritualization theory 607
Kevin Johnson, J. David
Knottnerus, and Duane A. Gill
100 Superfund: the
Comprehensive
Environmental Response,
Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA) 612
Sarah Hileman
101 Superstorm Sandy (USA) 617
Nicole Zdrojewski
102 Techna hazards and disasters 627
Duane A. Gill and Liesel A. Ritchie
103 Temporality, capitalism,
and climate change 630
Raja Swamy
104 Tennessee Valley
Authority Kingston Fossil
Plant coal ash spill (USA) 641
Liesel A. Ritchie and Kathryn
Hamilton
105 Theory and research on the
social production of disasters 645
Kathleen Tierney
106 Theory of environmental
stigma: outsiders’ just
don’t understand 657
Michael R. Edelstein
107 Theory of environmental
turbulence and
psychosocial impact:
lifescape, lifestyle, and lifestrain 663
Michael R. Edelstein
108 Three Mile Island nuclear
accident (USA) 671
Maggie Leόn-Corwin
109 Times Beach, Missouri:
dioxin contamination (USA) 680
Erin Boyle, Kathryn Hamilton,
and Victoria Thompson
110 Tōhoku earthquake,
tsunami, and Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear disaster (Japan) 684
Julia Gerster
111 Torrey Canyon shipwreck
and oil spill (UK,
Guernsey, and France) 690
Matthew Van
112 Toxic images 696
Laurence Butet-Roch
113 Usinsk oil spill (Russia) 701
Maria Sakaeva
114 Vajont Dam disaster (Italy) 708
Sara Belligoni
115 Val di Stava dam disaster (Italy) 711
Sara Belligoni
116 Winter Storm Uri and the
Texas energy failure (USA) 714
Kathryn Hamilton
117 Worst cases 718
Adam M. Straub
118 Xe Pian Xe Namnoy dam:
catastrophic and slow
violence in southern Laos 724
Ian G. Baird
