Hardback
The Montreal Convention
A Commentary
9781800889859 Edward Elgar Publishing
This unparalleled reference work on airline liability is written and edited by internationally revered experts and presents a comprehensive, article-by-article analysis of the Montreal Convention 1999 (MC99).
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Critical Acclaim
Contributors
Contents
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This unparalleled reference work on airline liability is written and edited by internationally revered experts and presents a comprehensive, article-by-article analysis of the Montreal Convention 1999 (MC99).
Adopting a comparative, doctrinal approach, the Commentary outlines the origins of the MC99 and its evolution, before drawing particular focus to air passenger and cargo practices and liability, issues of multimodal carriage, and the development of new technologies. Offering a forward-thinking perspective, chapters also bring to light key scholarly debates concerning the potential revisions to the MC99 and highlight the likely need for reform.
Key Features:
• Provides a contextual and comparative approach
• The most thorough contemporary treatment of the MC99
• Examines the contemporary judicial trends in interpreting the MC99
• Written by 36 leading aviation lawyers and eminent academics from across the globe
• Detailed article-by-article analysis of the MC99, surveying its meaning and application
Contributing to a deeper understanding of the MC99 and its practical implications, this authoritative Commentary is a fundamental resource for aviation lawyers in private practice and in-house, as well as industry professionals. It will also be a reference source for scholars of aviation and transport law.
Adopting a comparative, doctrinal approach, the Commentary outlines the origins of the MC99 and its evolution, before drawing particular focus to air passenger and cargo practices and liability, issues of multimodal carriage, and the development of new technologies. Offering a forward-thinking perspective, chapters also bring to light key scholarly debates concerning the potential revisions to the MC99 and highlight the likely need for reform.
Key Features:
• Provides a contextual and comparative approach
• The most thorough contemporary treatment of the MC99
• Examines the contemporary judicial trends in interpreting the MC99
• Written by 36 leading aviation lawyers and eminent academics from across the globe
• Detailed article-by-article analysis of the MC99, surveying its meaning and application
Contributing to a deeper understanding of the MC99 and its practical implications, this authoritative Commentary is a fundamental resource for aviation lawyers in private practice and in-house, as well as industry professionals. It will also be a reference source for scholars of aviation and transport law.
Critical Acclaim
‘The successful development and ratification of the Montreal Convention 1999 was historic because all previous attempts to modernize and consolidate the Warsaw Convention of 1929 for the Unification of certain rules relating to international carriage by air had led to less unification and more dissatisfaction.Professor Leloudas, Professor Dempsey and Attorney Chassot, as well as the impressive selection of foremost international experts in aviation law, must therefore be commended for their most comprehensive Article-by-Article analysis of the Montreal Convention 1999 in this essential tool for all aviation lawyers worldwide, be they in private practice, in public service or in-house, and indeed for all those interested in aviation!’
– Vijay Poonoosamy, Partner at Dentons, Barrister, Chairman of the Aviation Group of World Tourism Network, Rapporteur of the Legal Committee of ICAO on the Modernization and Consolidation of the Warsaw Convention System, Chairman of the ICAO Special Group on the Modernization and Consolidation of the Warsaw System and Chair of ICAO’s Drafting Group on the 1999 Montreal Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for international Carriage by Air
‘Governing the disposition of liability claims arising in international aviation just about everywhere, the Montreal Convention 1999, like the Warsaw Convention that preceded it, is one of the world’s most important private international law treaties. George Leloudas and his expert cadre of co-editors and writers have produced an immensely useful and highly practical guide to the MC99 regime. Its clear and accessible discussions of the treaty’s articles are hugely enhanced by the inclusion of drafting history, notes on commercial context, and issues of interpretation, all copiously documented. The book is destined to become a standard reference on the treaty and a must-have for law libraries everywhere. While it will serve as an excellent primer for lawyers and others new to aviation liability cases, even seasoned practitioners will find great value in this impressively researched volume.’
– Jeffrey N. Shane, former General Counsel, International Air Transport Association
‘This is a very timely publication reviewing the Montreal Convention, a quarter of a century after its adoption. An erudite and detailed analysis of the Convention itself and its interpretation, which is an invaluable resource for aviation (re)insurance underwriters and claims adjusters to use in informing their current assessment of exposures to passenger liability and baggage claims around the world. Many congratulations to Professors Leloudas and Dempsey and Dr Chassot for bringing together so many expert practitioners in the various aviation specialties and jurisdictions in order to provide such a comprehensive tome!’
– Marko Ninkovic, Head of Claims – Specialty, Brit, UK
‘Thank you to Professors Leloudas, Dempsey and Attorney Chassot, as well as the impressive cohort of international contributors from the foremost experts in aviation law, for this very comprehensive Article-by-Article analysis of the Montreal Convention 1999. This is an essential tool for all air law practitioners, be they in private practice or in house or anyone interested in aviation!’
– Louise-Hélène Sénécal, Vice President and General Counsel, Air Canada
– Vijay Poonoosamy, Partner at Dentons, Barrister, Chairman of the Aviation Group of World Tourism Network, Rapporteur of the Legal Committee of ICAO on the Modernization and Consolidation of the Warsaw Convention System, Chairman of the ICAO Special Group on the Modernization and Consolidation of the Warsaw System and Chair of ICAO’s Drafting Group on the 1999 Montreal Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for international Carriage by Air
‘Governing the disposition of liability claims arising in international aviation just about everywhere, the Montreal Convention 1999, like the Warsaw Convention that preceded it, is one of the world’s most important private international law treaties. George Leloudas and his expert cadre of co-editors and writers have produced an immensely useful and highly practical guide to the MC99 regime. Its clear and accessible discussions of the treaty’s articles are hugely enhanced by the inclusion of drafting history, notes on commercial context, and issues of interpretation, all copiously documented. The book is destined to become a standard reference on the treaty and a must-have for law libraries everywhere. While it will serve as an excellent primer for lawyers and others new to aviation liability cases, even seasoned practitioners will find great value in this impressively researched volume.’
– Jeffrey N. Shane, former General Counsel, International Air Transport Association
‘This is a very timely publication reviewing the Montreal Convention, a quarter of a century after its adoption. An erudite and detailed analysis of the Convention itself and its interpretation, which is an invaluable resource for aviation (re)insurance underwriters and claims adjusters to use in informing their current assessment of exposures to passenger liability and baggage claims around the world. Many congratulations to Professors Leloudas and Dempsey and Dr Chassot for bringing together so many expert practitioners in the various aviation specialties and jurisdictions in order to provide such a comprehensive tome!’
– Marko Ninkovic, Head of Claims – Specialty, Brit, UK
‘Thank you to Professors Leloudas, Dempsey and Attorney Chassot, as well as the impressive cohort of international contributors from the foremost experts in aviation law, for this very comprehensive Article-by-Article analysis of the Montreal Convention 1999. This is an essential tool for all air law practitioners, be they in private practice or in house or anyone interested in aviation!’
– Louise-Hélène Sénécal, Vice President and General Counsel, Air Canada
Contributors
Contributors: Barry S. Alexander, Filippos Alexandrakis, José Ignacio García Arboleda, Bartholomew J. Banino, Damara L. Carousis, Laurent Chassot, Michael Chatzipanagiotis, Philip Chrystal, Paul S. Dempsey, Andreas Dimopoulos, Michael Gill, Cyril-Igor Grigorieff, Andrew J. Harakas, Auguste Hocking, Julia Hörnig, Anna Konert, Robert Lawson, Jae Woon (June) Lee, Marissa N. Lefland, George Leloudas, Christopher Loxton, Carlos Martins, Peter Neenan, Sebastián Fernández Peña, Michele M. Comenale Pinto, Grégory Laville de la Plaigne, Christophe Platel,Timothy M. Ravich, Elisabetta G. Rosafio, Wolf Müller-Rostin, Nicolás Mallarino Rubiano, Daniel B. Soffin, Arlette Tanga Afouba, Romain Verté, Brittany C. Wakim, Daniel Wand, Luping Zhang
Contents
Contents ix
Preface xxix
Origins of the Montreal Convention 1999 1
Paul S. Dempsey
1 Scope and application 13
Timothy M. Ravich
2 Carriage performed by state and carriage of postal items 24
Luping Zhang
3 Passengers and baggage 31
Arlette Tanga Afouba
4 Cargo 41
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
5 Contents of air waybill or cargo receipt 56
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
6 Documents relating to the nature of cargo 69
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
7 Description of air waybill 75
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
8 Documentation for multiple packages 84
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
9 Non-compliance with documentary requirements 89
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
10 Responsibility for particulars of documentation 97
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
11 Evidentiary value of documentation 107
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
12 Right of disposition of the cargo 125
Julia Hörnig
13 Delivery of the cargo 138
Julia Hörnig
14 Enforcement of the rights of consignor and consignee 145
Julia Hörnig
15 Relations of consignor and consignee or mutual relations of third parties 148
Julia Hörnig
16 Formalities of customs, police or other public authorities 152
Julia Hörnig
17 Death and injury of passengers – damage to baggage 160
Andrew J. Harakas and Robert Lawson KC
18 Damage to cargo 184
Julia Hörnig and George Leloudas
19 Delay 209
Wolf Müller-Rostin and Jae Woon (June) Lee
20 Exoneration 222
Christopher Loxton
21 Compensation in case of death or injury of passengers 233
Christopher Loxton
22 Limits of liability in relation to delay, baggage, and cargo 242
Barry S. Alexander and Brittany C. Wakim
23 Conversion of monetary units 257
Filippos Alexandrakis
24 Review of limits 270
Michael Gill and Auguste Hocking
25 Stipulation on limits 287
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
26 Invalidity of contractual provisions 292
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
27 Freedom to contract 303
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
28 Advance payments 308
Anna Konert
29 Basis of claims 320
Laurent Chassot and Paul S. Dempsey
30 Servants, agents – aggregation of claims 360
Michele M. Comenale Pinto and Elisabetta G. Rosafio
31 Timely notice of complaints 369
Elisabetta G. Rosafio and Michele M. Comenale Pinto
32 Death of person liable 377
Peter Neenan
33 Jurisdiction 382
Timothy M. Ravich, Grégory Laville de la Plaigne and Romain Verté
34 Arbitration 413
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
35 Limitation of actions 422
José Ignacio García Arboleda
36 Successive carriage 431
Bartholomew J. Banino, Auguste Hocking and Marissa N. Lefland
37 Right of recourse against third parties 462
Timothy M. Ravich
38 Combined carriage 476
Julia Hörnig
39 Contracting carrier – actual carrier 481
Bartholomew J. Banino, Marissa N. Lefland, Damara L. Carousis, José Ignacio García Arboleda and Nicolás
Mallarino Rubiano
40 Respective liability of contracting and actual carriers 489
Carlos Martins
41 Mutual liability 493
Carlos Martins
42 Addressee of complaints and instructions 496
Elisabetta G. Rosafio and Michele M. Comenale Pinto
43 Servants and agents 501
Michele M. Comenale Pinto and Elisabetta G. Rosafio
44 Aggregation of damages 505
Cyril-Igor Grigorieff
45 Addressee of claims 512
Cyril-Igor Grigorieff
46 Additional jurisdiction 519
Filippos Alexandrakis
47 Invalidity of contractual provisions 533
Filippos Alexandrakis
48 Mutual relations of contracting and actual carriers 545
Daniel Wand
49 Mandatory application 562
Paul S. Dempsey
50 Insurance 568
Philip Chrystal and Sebastián Fernández Peña
51 Carriage performed in extraordinary circumstances 599
Arlette Tanga Afouba
52 Definition of days 607
Filippos Alexandrakis
53 Signature, ratification and entry into force 615
Andreas Dimopoulos
54 Denunciation 621
Andreas Dimopoulos
55 Relationship with other Warsaw Convention instruments 625
George Leloudas and Paul S. Dempsey
56 States with more than one system of law 635
Paul S. Dempsey
57 Reservations 640
Laurent Chassot and Christophe Platel
Index 650
Preface xxix
Origins of the Montreal Convention 1999 1
Paul S. Dempsey
1 Scope and application 13
Timothy M. Ravich
2 Carriage performed by state and carriage of postal items 24
Luping Zhang
3 Passengers and baggage 31
Arlette Tanga Afouba
4 Cargo 41
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
5 Contents of air waybill or cargo receipt 56
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
6 Documents relating to the nature of cargo 69
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
7 Description of air waybill 75
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
8 Documentation for multiple packages 84
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
9 Non-compliance with documentary requirements 89
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
10 Responsibility for particulars of documentation 97
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
11 Evidentiary value of documentation 107
George Leloudas and Daniel B. Soffin
12 Right of disposition of the cargo 125
Julia Hörnig
13 Delivery of the cargo 138
Julia Hörnig
14 Enforcement of the rights of consignor and consignee 145
Julia Hörnig
15 Relations of consignor and consignee or mutual relations of third parties 148
Julia Hörnig
16 Formalities of customs, police or other public authorities 152
Julia Hörnig
17 Death and injury of passengers – damage to baggage 160
Andrew J. Harakas and Robert Lawson KC
18 Damage to cargo 184
Julia Hörnig and George Leloudas
19 Delay 209
Wolf Müller-Rostin and Jae Woon (June) Lee
20 Exoneration 222
Christopher Loxton
21 Compensation in case of death or injury of passengers 233
Christopher Loxton
22 Limits of liability in relation to delay, baggage, and cargo 242
Barry S. Alexander and Brittany C. Wakim
23 Conversion of monetary units 257
Filippos Alexandrakis
24 Review of limits 270
Michael Gill and Auguste Hocking
25 Stipulation on limits 287
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
26 Invalidity of contractual provisions 292
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
27 Freedom to contract 303
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
28 Advance payments 308
Anna Konert
29 Basis of claims 320
Laurent Chassot and Paul S. Dempsey
30 Servants, agents – aggregation of claims 360
Michele M. Comenale Pinto and Elisabetta G. Rosafio
31 Timely notice of complaints 369
Elisabetta G. Rosafio and Michele M. Comenale Pinto
32 Death of person liable 377
Peter Neenan
33 Jurisdiction 382
Timothy M. Ravich, Grégory Laville de la Plaigne and Romain Verté
34 Arbitration 413
Michael Chatzipanagiotis
35 Limitation of actions 422
José Ignacio García Arboleda
36 Successive carriage 431
Bartholomew J. Banino, Auguste Hocking and Marissa N. Lefland
37 Right of recourse against third parties 462
Timothy M. Ravich
38 Combined carriage 476
Julia Hörnig
39 Contracting carrier – actual carrier 481
Bartholomew J. Banino, Marissa N. Lefland, Damara L. Carousis, José Ignacio García Arboleda and Nicolás
Mallarino Rubiano
40 Respective liability of contracting and actual carriers 489
Carlos Martins
41 Mutual liability 493
Carlos Martins
42 Addressee of complaints and instructions 496
Elisabetta G. Rosafio and Michele M. Comenale Pinto
43 Servants and agents 501
Michele M. Comenale Pinto and Elisabetta G. Rosafio
44 Aggregation of damages 505
Cyril-Igor Grigorieff
45 Addressee of claims 512
Cyril-Igor Grigorieff
46 Additional jurisdiction 519
Filippos Alexandrakis
47 Invalidity of contractual provisions 533
Filippos Alexandrakis
48 Mutual relations of contracting and actual carriers 545
Daniel Wand
49 Mandatory application 562
Paul S. Dempsey
50 Insurance 568
Philip Chrystal and Sebastián Fernández Peña
51 Carriage performed in extraordinary circumstances 599
Arlette Tanga Afouba
52 Definition of days 607
Filippos Alexandrakis
53 Signature, ratification and entry into force 615
Andreas Dimopoulos
54 Denunciation 621
Andreas Dimopoulos
55 Relationship with other Warsaw Convention instruments 625
George Leloudas and Paul S. Dempsey
56 States with more than one system of law 635
Paul S. Dempsey
57 Reservations 640
Laurent Chassot and Christophe Platel
Index 650