Research and Innovation Policies in the New Global Economy

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Research and Innovation Policies in the New Global Economy

An International Comparative Analysis

9781840647846 Edward Elgar Publishing
Edited by Philippe Larédo, Université Paris-Est, France and Philippe Mustar, Professor of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris (MINES ParisTech) and Researcher, Centre de Sociologie de l’Innovation (ENSMP-CNRS), France
Publication Date: 2002 ISBN: 978 1 84064 784 6 Extent: 544 pp
The book analyses the evolution of research and innovation policies in the world’s leading countries. The last decade has witnessed a radical transformation of the landscape shaped after World War II, as described in the seminal collection edited by Richard Nelson in the early 1990s. Even though national systems have inherited different institutional arrangements and trajectories, analyses show three major converging trends in their public policies. There has been a retraction from support to large firms and programmes and a shift toward small to medium enterprises and the innovation infrastructure; the focus on public research and training capabilities is growing; and there has been a redesign of public intervention with the growing role of regions and states on one hand and multinational authorities on the other, particularly in the European Union.

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The book analyses the evolution of research and innovation policies in the world’s leading countries. The last decade has witnessed a radical transformation of the landscape shaped after World War II, as described in the seminal collection edited by Richard Nelson in the early 1990s. Even though national systems have inherited different institutional arrangements and trajectories, analyses show three major converging trends in their public policies. There has been a retraction from support to large firms and programmes and a shift toward small to medium enterprises and the innovation infrastructure; the focus on public research and training capabilities is growing; and there has been a redesign of public intervention with the growing role of regions and states on one hand and multinational authorities on the other, particularly in the European Union.

The authors, all leading scholars in innovation research, provide thorough analytical descriptions of the national innovation system in their country and set that system in historical perspective. Each chapter is written so the reader can easily make comparisons between countries and regions. Six major issues are identified and addressed in each chapter:

• the dynamics of universities and their relations with the economy
• the evolving role of defence R&D and other large public programmes
• the growth of technology policies and the innovative capabilities of SMEs
• the changing rationale for government laboratories
• the growing role of regions in fostering innovation
• the capability of government to adapt to rapid changes in innovation systems.

This essential book will be of interest to scholars and students of science, technology and innovation policy, management, institutional economics and managers of research and innovation policies at a national and local level.
Critical Acclaim
‘The book is quite valuable, with its broad international coverage of state activities in the area of research and innovation support. It should also foster serious debates on the balance between public and private efforts in research and innovation.’
– Mats Benner, Journal of Economic Literature

‘. . . this book provides the reader with a valuable summary of national public policy approaches to research and innovation at the end of the twentieth century and is a useful addition to the shelves of industrial policy experts.’
– David Gray, Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Contributors
Contributors: B. Bozeman, P. Caracostas, S.C. Chung, J.S. Dietz, L. Georghiou, P. Larédo, B. van der Meulen, F. Meyer-Krahmer, D.C. Mowery, U. Muldur, E. Muñoz, P. Mustar, E. Ormala, A. Rip, Y. Sato, A. Silvani, G. Sirilli
Contents
Contents: 1. General Introduction: A Focus on Research and Innovation Policies 2. The United States National Innovation System after the Cold War 3. Research Policy Trends in the United States: Civilian Technology Programs, Defense Technology and the Deployment of the National Laboratories 4. The Structure and Perspective of Science and Technology Policy in Japan 5. The Research, Development and Innovation System in Korea 6. The Emergence of a New European Union Research and Innovation Policy 7. The German Innovation System 8. The United Kingdom National System of Research, Technology and Innovation 9. The Netherlands: Science Policy by Mediation 10. Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in Finland 11. The Spanish System of Research 12. Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in Italy 13. French Research and Innovation Policy: Two Decades of Transformation 14. General Conclusion: Three Major Trends in Research and Innovation Policies Index
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